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Heatwaves don’t just cause discomfort—they can silently strain your heart and lead to life-threatening complications, especially if you already have a cardiovascular condition.
Whether you’re managing a chronic condition or just trying to stay safe, being proactive about hydration, rest, and avoiding peak heat exposure can go a long way in protecting your heart during sweltering months.
As temperatures rise across the country, so does concern over the effects of extreme heat on our bodies—especially our hearts. While we tend to associate heatwaves with sunburn or dehydration, the hidden toll they can take on cardiovascular health is often underestimated. According to leading doctors, the risk is very real—and potentially deadly—particularly for people with pre-existing heart conditions.
“During a heatwave, the body tries to regulate its internal temperature by sweating, which cools it down,” explains Dr Joy Shome, Cardiologist and Head of TAVR/TAVI at BM Birla Heart Hospital. “But sweating leads to fluid loss, which means the heart has to work harder to maintain blood flow and pump oxygen to vital organs. In some cases, cardiac output may increase two to three times above normal levels.”
This increased strain can spell trouble, especially for those with heart disease. A higher heart rate combined with dehydration can thicken the blood, making it harder to pump and increasing the risk of clots, strokes, or heart attacks. Dr Shome also warns of electrolyte imbalances—particularly for patients on diuretics or medications for blood pressure or heart failure—which can disturb the heart’s rhythm and lead to dangerous arrhythmias.
Echoing these concerns, Dr P Venkata Krishnan, Senior Consultant, Internal Medicine at Artemis Hospitals, emphasizes that even healthy individuals should remain cautious. “The body works overtime to keep itself cool in extreme heat, putting added pressure on the heart. For those with high blood pressure, a history of stroke, or heart failure, this can be particularly dangerous,” he says.
The risk is especially elevated for older adults, young children, and people with chronic illnesses. Those on medications that impact fluid retention or heart rate are also vulnerable.
So what can you do to protect your heart in a heatwave?
1. Hydrate Smartly
“Staying hydrated is critical for maintaining cardiovascular health in extreme heat,” says Dr Shome. But not everyone should guzzle water indiscriminately. “Patients with heart failure or kidney disease may require modified fluid intake, and should always consult their doctors,” he adds. For others, frequent sips of water—rather than waiting until you’re thirsty—can help maintain fluid balance.
Dr Krishnan adds: “Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which dehydrate you. Coconut water or electrolyte-rich drinks can also be helpful to replenish lost salts.”
2. Stay Cool
“Seek air-conditioned spaces during the hottest parts of the day, typically between noon and 4 PM,” advises Dr Krishnan. If air-conditioning isn’t an option, using fans, taking cold showers, or placing wet towels on your neck and wrists can help bring down your body temperature.
3. Dress for the Heat
Loose-fitting, breathable clothing in light colours helps your body stay cool. Hats and sunglasses can provide additional protection if you have to venture outdoors.
4. Limit Physical Exertion
Avoid strenuous activities or outdoor workouts during peak heat. If you must be outside, take frequent breaks, stay in the shade, and drink water often.
5. Know the Warning Signs
“Symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, nausea, chest pain, or shortness of breath during a heatwave should never be ignored,” stresses Dr Shome. “These could indicate heat exhaustion or even a cardiac event. It’s vital to seek medical help immediately.”
A Final Word
While summer brings with it a season of joy, it also calls for caution. “Heatwaves pose serious health risks,” says Dr Krishnan. “But with preventive care—especially for those with underlying heart issues—we can avoid emergencies.”
Whether you’re managing a chronic condition or just trying to stay safe, being proactive about hydration, rest, and avoiding peak heat exposure can go a long way in protecting your heart during sweltering months.
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